One of the most dangerous "male" diseases is prostatitis - an acute inflammation of the prostate gland. The disease is accompanied by discomfort during urination and can threaten infertility. Different types of prostatitis develop at different speeds and require a specific therapeutic method. serious complications and requires timely diagnosis. This will help to determine in time the specifics and type of disease to begin treatment at an early stage of the disease.
Forms of the disease, symptoms
The disease can manifest itself in acute and chronic forms. The method of treatment is chosen depending on the symptoms that characterize the course of the pathology. The signs of acute and chronic forms differ and have a number of characteristics. The acute form always precedes the chronic one, which can progress to more serious diseases such as adenoma and cancer.
The treatment of prostatitis at any stage of development has a favorable prognosis, if no complications occur.
Acute prostatitis
Prostate tissues are exposed to pathogenic microorganisms. Also, the acute form develops as a result of fungal organ damage. Due to the inflammatory process, the balance of the microflora is disturbed and the immunity decreases. As a result, inflammation of the prostate gland worsens. Other causes of acute prostatitis include:
- Decreased or weakened immunity. Men who have chronic diseases of the genitourinary system and are often prone to colds are more likely than others to have prostate problems.
- Surgery. Each surgery can cause different diseases.
- Pathology of internal organs. The presence of pathogenic microorganisms can provoke the development of prostatitis.
- Hormonal insufficiency and increased estrogen production. The risk group includes men aged 30-40 years.
- caries. Untreated dental disease is one of the most common causes of prostate disease. Bad teeth provoke the spread of microbes throughout the body and cause bacterial prostatitis.
Symptoms of acute prostatitis:
- severe pain in the muscles and lower back;
- delayed and frequent urge to urinate;
- erectile dysfunction.
The acute phase requires immediate treatment. The patient is prescribed medication and physiotherapy.
Important! At the first signs of the disease you should see a doctor immediately, sometimes you may need to be hospitalized. Examination establishes the specifics of the pathology and prescribes treatment. Self-medication can lead to an acute form of chronic and serious complications (abscess of nearby tissues and vascular thrombosis).
Chronic prostatitis
The most dangerous and serious form of the disease. It is characterized by a "slow" course: more often the signs of prostatitis do not appear in any way. All types of chronic prostatitis occur as a result of ignoring the symptoms and lack of timely treatment, sometimes it can occur without an acute form. Other possible causes of chronic prostatitis include:
- congestion in the internal organs;
- sedentary work, hypodynamia;
- weakened immunity;
- malnutrition;
- bad habits;
- trauma;
- infectious diseases of the genital organs;
- stress;
- hypothermia.
Lack of therapy can lead to adenoma. The disease is often asymptomatic, so men should undergo regular medical examinations, especially after 30 years.
Consequences of chronic prostatitis:
- urogenital and system dysfunction;
- burning pain in the groin;
- decreased libido, lack of erection;
- general malaise, weakness.
Chronic prostatitis is treated on an outpatient basis, but sometimes the patient can be admitted to hospital. The therapy includes a complex of physiotherapy, antibiotics and a therapeutic diet. As additional therapeutic measures, massage is prescribed, and in especially neglected cases, surgery is performed.
Classification
Infectious
This is an inflammation of the prostate caused by pathogenic microflora. It can occur in both acute and chronic forms. It most often develops against the background of transmitted infectious and fungal diseases such as influenza, rubella, chickenpox, herpes.
Factors that influence the development of bacterial prostatitis include smoking, alcohol consumption, weakened immunity, SARS. This form is most common in patients aged 20 to 40 years. Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory drugs are used for treatment.
Bacterial
Rare type of prostatitis, the main cause of which are bacteria - E. coli, staphylococci, Trichomonas, chlamydia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It is diagnosed by blood, urine and secretions. The symptoms correspond to the acute form.
The disease is provoked by nervous disorders, smoking, alcohol dependence, stress, depression. Sometimes the infection can appear in the postoperative period.
Treatment includes antibiotics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Disruption of the course of treatment can lead to the transition of prostatitis to a chronic form.
Fungal
The cause of the pathology is the ingestion of fungi (aspergillus or candida) in the prostate tissue. Fungal infection can occur as a result of hormonal changes and prolonged use of antibiotics and antibacterial drugs. It also occurs against the background of chronic diseases and reduced immunity. Treatment with folk remedies and self-medication can lead to a chronic form and serious complications.
Sometimes it is asymptomatic, which complicates the timely diagnosis. The latent form can cause cancer cells to multiply. Diagnosed by biopsy. In fungal prostatitis there are disorders of the genitourinary system, urethritis, cystitis, pain in the groin and pelvis, fever.
stagnated
This is a chronic type of non-infectious origin. The causes are blockages in the circulatory system in the pelvic area or stagnation of prostate secretions. It may be latent or mild. Signs may include mild stinging pain in the genitals, groin or pelvis, fever and pain when urinating.
Sometimes it manifests itself in the form of sexual disorders (decreased libido, insufficient erection, liquefaction or retention of sperm). Drugs that stimulate blood circulation, hormonal agents are used for treatment. Physiotherapy exercises will also be effective.
Purulent
The most dangerous for the patient's health is the purulent type. It is characterized by discharge from the urethra and fever, which indicates the presence of infection.
Stages and subspecies:
- catarrhal.This subtype of prostatitis is isolated as a separate disease of infectious origin. The difference is the lack of purulent discharge. All inflammatory processes occur only in the secretory ducts of the gland. The causes are complications from influenza, tonsillitis and SARS. It manifests itself in the form of frequent urge to urinate with mild, painful pain. The prognosis is favorable. Complex treatment of concomitant diseases is usually prescribed.
- Follicular.The acute phase begins with inflammatory processes in the ducts of the gland and is a consequence of pathological manifestations in other organs. The symptoms are mild and often invisible to the patient. It can be triggered by infection or inflammation of the ENT organs, respiratory system, urethra and others. It manifests itself in the form of acute pain, a sharp rise in body temperature and in an advanced stage appears purulent discharge. With timely treatment, the prognosis is favorable. If the course of treatment is not completed in time, it may progress to the parenchymal stage.
- Parenchymal. This is one of the most difficult and dangerous stages. The purulent nature extends to all lobes of the prostate gland. In this subtype of the disease, the outflow of prostate secretion is disrupted and clogged with pus and mucus. The chronic form is often long-lasting. The patient has functional disorders of the genitourinary system, reduced erection and dissatisfaction with orgasm. Among the most common causes of purulent prostatitis is gonococcal infection. The treatment is long, but gives a positive effect. Self-medication can lead to life-threatening complications.
- Abscessing. The stage is the most dangerous and requires immediate treatment. It manifests itself in the form of an abscess of prostate tissue. May cause renal failure, infertility, cystitis and sepsis. Complications can lead to death.
One of the main methods of treatment is taking antibacterial drugs. In advanced cases, the patient undergoes surgery. Self-medication can lead to the patient's death.
computational
This is a complex form that manifests itself with a long course of the disease. The reason is improper therapy or complete lack of treatment. It is characterized by the formation of stone inclusions in the ducts of the gland. Endogenous stones can block the urethra, causing the patient severe pain during intercourse, walking and urinating.
This can lead to complications such as impotence and infertility. The treatment is carried out in a hospital, sometimes the patient undergoes surgery. Prolonged lack of treatment can cause prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia and adenoma.
Prevention
Preventive measures will help to avoid the development of pathology and reduce the likelihood of infection. The simplest preventive measures are:
- regular sexual intercourse;
- personal hygiene;
- smoking cessation and alcohol;
- wearing comfortable cotton underwear;
- maintaining immunity;
- healthy diet;
- protection against hypothermia.
At home you can prevent the development of pathology by performing simple physical exercises every day - bicycle, bridge, birch.
Allocating 10 minutes each day for physical education can reduce the risk of prostatitis by half.
Simple exercises will also help improve well-being:
- Stand up straight with an emphasis on one leg. With the other leg, make large wide swings back and forth. It is recommended to do 100 swings with each leg.
- Slopes. Stand with your feet shoulder-width apart and tilt your body alternately to the right and left.
- During the day, try to hold your breath several times for 10-15 seconds. Repeat breathing exercises at least 5 times a day.
Treating prostatitis is a long and complicated process that can cause a lot of trouble. To protect the body from the development of this pathology, regular examinations and preventive measures should be taken.